Instagram hashtags are one of the most effective methods to get more eyes (and more engagement!) for your Instagram posts in 2022.
But how do you use hashtags on Instagram? How do you choose the most relevant hashtags for you Instagram blog? Which hashtags are trending right today? Do you want to include them into your caption or the comments?
We're answering these questions, and many more in our complete tutorial on Instagram hashtags on the Stack-writer.
Instagram hashtags are fundamentally a method of categorizing and labelling your content. They then aid in helping Instagram serve your posts to users who are relevant.
In their simplest form the hashtags you select fuel the search results on the Explore page of Instagram:
However, it doesn't stop there. Hashtags also serve as reference points to the Instagram algorithm, meaning it can categorize your posts and suggest that it be shown to users it believes are likely to have an interest.
Then... Do Hashtags Still Work on Instagram until 2022?
Hashtags have always been at the center of debate, especially following Instagram's recent suggestion to utilize 3-5 hashtags (more on this later).
As Instagram gradually shifts to an algorithmic keyword searching, it will open up the possibility of a whole new world in the search engine's ability to find content - meaning that the words in your captions, or the subjects of your videos will be searchable too.
In spite of these massive technological advancements, hashtags still work on Instagram. Paired with a strong content strategy, they can result in incredible results.
Are you ready to download the complete download on Instagram hashtags? Take a look at our YouTube video guide now:
It's the Top 50 Most Popular Instagram Hashtags in 2022
Using ultra-popular hashtags isn't always the best way to garner more attention for your stories and posts because they're less likely to be seen.
As we've discussed, Instagram recently suggested that creators should include between three to five hashtags for their posts, while allowing as much as 30 hashtags per post.
This goes against the information we've heard previously about how hashtags function on Instagram However, given their recent focus on SEO and keywords the idea does (kind sort of) seem to make sense.
Instagram is introducing additional "suggested" content feeds, such as those on the Instagram Reels tab for instance. In order to deliver suggested content that truly is an "good match," Instagram needs to be able to identify it with precision. it. The idea behind it? Fewer hashtags = more reliable self categorization.
To test this hypothesis, Later looked at 18M+ Instagram feed posts - comparing the number of hashtags per post to average reach rates.
You can clearly see that using more hashtags = greater results. The rate of reach increases by 11% (from 24 35% to 24) when the number of hashtags rises from one to 30.
To put it in perspective If you take a account that has 20K followers it's an additional 2.2K accounts being reached per post.
We even looked at whether the trend had changed compared to 2020, but the results were fairly consistent.
So what hashtags should you use on Instagram? For now, using more hashtags is still the best strategy for increasing your reach and engagement for Instagram post feeds. But, as Instagram launches more "suggested" content feeds, focusing on fewer, relevant hashtags might be an option worth experimenting with.
#TalkDataToMe: Download the complete data report today to learn the ideal number of hashtags for reach and engagement.
What are the various types of Instagram Hashtags?
Before choosing hashtags to use for your posts, it's a good idea to look at the different kinds of hashtags you could use.
This will allow you to ensure you're covering all bases in your hashtag strategy.
* Location-based hashtags, like #BryantPark , or #LowerEastSide.
* Branded hashtags used to promote special events or campaigns, for example #Later and #LaterCon.
* Industry hashtags that identify your specialization, such as #SocialMediaManagers and #WeddingPlanners.
#Community-focused hashtags that bring your community together, like #VanLifeLiving or #IAmASweatyBetty
* Descriptive hashtags that describe the content of your actual post, such as #WoodwickCandles or #SheaButterProducts
There's no exact formula to the number hashtag you should include however keeping the various categories in mind can give useful ideas and guide your plan of action.
What are the advantages of Using Hashtags for Instagram
Utilizing relevant, specific hashtags on your posts as well as stories is among the most effective ways to be noticed by new viewers on Instagram.
Using one of the "right" hashtags can put you in front of your target group, even if they've never connected with you before.
This could lead to more participation, followers, and more customers for your brand or business!
But this isn't all. Hashtags also have many uses beyond improving your discoverability. They can be used for creating a community, sourcing content from users (UGC) or running campaigns, researching your target audience, and much more.
It's important to have a clear and well-designed hashtag strategywithout one you may miss out on opportunities to improve your Instagram account and boost engagement.
For example, look over Later's Instagram post about our new Linkin.bio modification:
We make use of hyper-relevant hashtags like #linkinbio, #smallbiztools, and #linkinbiotool within the captions so that visitors can easily locate our content when they're on the lookout for a hyperlink in bio tool.
Hashtags allow people to discover your content, increasing the likelihood of likes or comments, shares and also saves!
How to Find Instagram Hashtags that are Trending to use in your Content Strategy
Later's data report shows that using 20-30 hashtags in Instagram posts Instagram content is the best method to increase your reach and engagement rates.
But how do you discover this many relevant hashtags for every post? Here are 3 different tactics that you can employ:
Tactic #1: Use a Hashtag Suggestion Tool like Later
The tool for generating hashtag suggestions from Later is an easy method to locate hashtags that are based on the content of your post and similar hashtags in your field.
To make use of it, simply type a hashtag into the tool's search barand then hit "Suggest," and it'll immediately create new hashtags. sorting them by relevance
Tip #2: Conduct Research through the Instagram Explore Page
Its Instagram Explore page is a great source of inspiration for you to develop your Instagram hashtag plan.
To get the most effective results, you should search for keywords that relate to your business or your content and also check the "Top" result.
The posts appear to be doing well in the Instagram algorithm, so take note of the various hashtags and consider whether they could work for your posts.
Tactic #3: Evaluate Instagram Hashtag Volume Using Twitter's Tag Search Tool
When it comes to finding the most popular hashtags, posting volume is a crucial measure.
If a hashtag has been used on hundreds of thousands of social media posts the odds are that your post will get lost in the crowd.
On the other hand in the event that a hashtag has a handful of posts, it's likely that no one is searching in Instagram's Instagram Explore pages. For a safe middle-ground try to find hashtags with between 10K-200K posts.
To verify a hashtag's posts volume, go to Instagram's tag search feature on the Explore Page.
This is a great opportunity to look over your hashtags and also give you ideas. For example, you might find a more niche hashtag that begins with the same word, but has a much healthier volume of posts.
Should You Use Hashtags on Instagram in the Caption or Comment Section?
Instagram has confirmed that hashtags are effective in both your post caption and the comments section therefore it's up to you where you'd like to put them.
It is worth considering timeliness even so. When you manually post hashtags in the comments section, it's best to do this as soon as your post is published.
TIP: If you are using Later's Instagram calendaring tools, you can plan a First Comment to go live at the same with your posting.
This is a great way to keep your caption's visual clean, while still benefiting from the extra exposure benefits of a good hashtag strategy.
The Later's First Comment tool lets you set up a comment that goes live at the exact time as your post - available on every paid plan.
What Can Hashtags Do to Increase Likes On Instagram
With the right Instagram hashtag strategy you won't just reach more people -but you'll also reach the right audience for your brand or company.
Learn about people who are likely to interact with your content.
Utilizing 20-30 relevant hashtags can make your posts appear in more search results on the app, increasing the chance of likes and comments.
Take Sweaty Betty, an empowering fitness brand whose consumers are women who are passionate for fitness.
The account employs the search-driven hashtag #GlobalRunningDay, to create followers and also a hashtag that is branded for #iamasweatybetty that promotes an understanding of community as well as togetherness:
The site has more than 2.5K likes (and a pretty chatty comments section! ) These specific hashtags are ideal for building a community of like-minded runner aficionados and encouraging users to take a deep breath!
Be careful and make sure you use hashtags that your public is actively searching to increase your reach and likes number. It's a win-win.
How to Make Time Your Instagram Hashtag Strategies
Finding 20-30 new hashtags for each post you publish is extremely time-consuming - But there are methods to make it more efficient.
One method is to compile lists of 20-30 hashtags that align with your core content themes and then edit and incorporate into each blog post.
With Later's no-cost Instagram scheduler, you are able to create "Saved Captions" that contain your carefully curated lists of hashtags.
You can add them to a post caption (and modify them) in just two taps!
How to Create an Effective Instagram Hashtag Strategy With Analytics
The best method to create an effective hashtag plan?
Starting from a solid base. Once you've found the hashtags you want to use, you should begin testing them and then digging into your analytics.
Analyzing the performance on your social media hashtags are the ideal way to monitor the success of your experiment, and allows you to fine tune your strategy over time.
By using Later's Analytics tools, you can get the most relevant information on your hashtags. This includes an analysis of which hashtags have the most influence on the number of likes and comments, as well as saves and reach on your Instagram posts.
It instantly compares the hashtags you use with the performance of your posts over time, providing you with an overview of what's working and what's notworking for your account.
Hashtags can be a great method to connect with new audiences and expand your reach, but it takes the time and effort required to see huge results.
No matter how many hashtags you use, be it 10 or 30, a consistent hashtag strategy is still one of the most efficient methods for growth on Instagram.
But how do you use hashtags on Instagram? How do you choose the most relevant hashtags for you Instagram blog? Which hashtags are trending right today? Do you want to include them into your caption or the comments?
We're answering these questions, and many more in our complete tutorial on Instagram hashtags on the Stack-writer.
How do Instagram Hashtags Are Working?
Instagram hashtags are fundamentally a method of categorizing and labelling your content. They then aid in helping Instagram serve your posts to users who are relevant.
In their simplest form the hashtags you select fuel the search results on the Explore page of Instagram:
However, it doesn't stop there. Hashtags also serve as reference points to the Instagram algorithm, meaning it can categorize your posts and suggest that it be shown to users it believes are likely to have an interest.
Then... Do Hashtags Still Work on Instagram until 2022?
Hashtags have always been at the center of debate, especially following Instagram's recent suggestion to utilize 3-5 hashtags (more on this later).
As Instagram gradually shifts to an algorithmic keyword searching, it will open up the possibility of a whole new world in the search engine's ability to find content - meaning that the words in your captions, or the subjects of your videos will be searchable too.
In spite of these massive technological advancements, hashtags still work on Instagram. Paired with a strong content strategy, they can result in incredible results.
Are you ready to download the complete download on Instagram hashtags? Take a look at our YouTube video guide now:
It's the Top 50 Most Popular Instagram Hashtags in 2022
Using ultra-popular hashtags isn't always the best way to garner more attention for your stories and posts because they're less likely to be seen.
How Many Instagram Hashtags Should You Include On Your Posts?
As we've discussed, Instagram recently suggested that creators should include between three to five hashtags for their posts, while allowing as much as 30 hashtags per post.
This goes against the information we've heard previously about how hashtags function on Instagram However, given their recent focus on SEO and keywords the idea does (kind sort of) seem to make sense.
Instagram is introducing additional "suggested" content feeds, such as those on the Instagram Reels tab for instance. In order to deliver suggested content that truly is an "good match," Instagram needs to be able to identify it with precision. it. The idea behind it? Fewer hashtags = more reliable self categorization.
To test this hypothesis, Later looked at 18M+ Instagram feed posts - comparing the number of hashtags per post to average reach rates.
You can clearly see that using more hashtags = greater results. The rate of reach increases by 11% (from 24 35% to 24) when the number of hashtags rises from one to 30.
To put it in perspective If you take a account that has 20K followers it's an additional 2.2K accounts being reached per post.
We even looked at whether the trend had changed compared to 2020, but the results were fairly consistent.
So what hashtags should you use on Instagram? For now, using more hashtags is still the best strategy for increasing your reach and engagement for Instagram post feeds. But, as Instagram launches more "suggested" content feeds, focusing on fewer, relevant hashtags might be an option worth experimenting with.
#TalkDataToMe: Download the complete data report today to learn the ideal number of hashtags for reach and engagement.
What are the various types of Instagram Hashtags?
Before choosing hashtags to use for your posts, it's a good idea to look at the different kinds of hashtags you could use.
This will allow you to ensure you're covering all bases in your hashtag strategy.
There are five primary kinds of hashtags to be considered:
* Location-based hashtags, like #BryantPark , or #LowerEastSide.
* Branded hashtags used to promote special events or campaigns, for example #Later and #LaterCon.
* Industry hashtags that identify your specialization, such as #SocialMediaManagers and #WeddingPlanners.
#Community-focused hashtags that bring your community together, like #VanLifeLiving or #IAmASweatyBetty
* Descriptive hashtags that describe the content of your actual post, such as #WoodwickCandles or #SheaButterProducts
There's no exact formula to the number hashtag you should include however keeping the various categories in mind can give useful ideas and guide your plan of action.
What are the advantages of Using Hashtags for Instagram
Utilizing relevant, specific hashtags on your posts as well as stories is among the most effective ways to be noticed by new viewers on Instagram.
Using one of the "right" hashtags can put you in front of your target group, even if they've never connected with you before.
This could lead to more participation, followers, and more customers for your brand or business!
But this isn't all. Hashtags also have many uses beyond improving your discoverability. They can be used for creating a community, sourcing content from users (UGC) or running campaigns, researching your target audience, and much more.
It's important to have a clear and well-designed hashtag strategywithout one you may miss out on opportunities to improve your Instagram account and boost engagement.
For example, look over Later's Instagram post about our new Linkin.bio modification:
We make use of hyper-relevant hashtags like #linkinbio, #smallbiztools, and #linkinbiotool within the captions so that visitors can easily locate our content when they're on the lookout for a hyperlink in bio tool.
Hashtags allow people to discover your content, increasing the likelihood of likes or comments, shares and also saves!
How to Find Instagram Hashtags that are Trending to use in your Content Strategy
Later's data report shows that using 20-30 hashtags in Instagram posts Instagram content is the best method to increase your reach and engagement rates.
But how do you discover this many relevant hashtags for every post? Here are 3 different tactics that you can employ:
Tactic #1: Use a Hashtag Suggestion Tool like Later
The tool for generating hashtag suggestions from Later is an easy method to locate hashtags that are based on the content of your post and similar hashtags in your field.
To make use of it, simply type a hashtag into the tool's search barand then hit "Suggest," and it'll immediately create new hashtags. sorting them by relevance
Tip #2: Conduct Research through the Instagram Explore Page
Its Instagram Explore page is a great source of inspiration for you to develop your Instagram hashtag plan.
To get the most effective results, you should search for keywords that relate to your business or your content and also check the "Top" result.
The posts appear to be doing well in the Instagram algorithm, so take note of the various hashtags and consider whether they could work for your posts.
Tactic #3: Evaluate Instagram Hashtag Volume Using Twitter's Tag Search Tool
When it comes to finding the most popular hashtags, posting volume is a crucial measure.
If a hashtag has been used on hundreds of thousands of social media posts the odds are that your post will get lost in the crowd.
On the other hand in the event that a hashtag has a handful of posts, it's likely that no one is searching in Instagram's Instagram Explore pages. For a safe middle-ground try to find hashtags with between 10K-200K posts.
To verify a hashtag's posts volume, go to Instagram's tag search feature on the Explore Page.
This is a great opportunity to look over your hashtags and also give you ideas. For example, you might find a more niche hashtag that begins with the same word, but has a much healthier volume of posts.
Should You Use Hashtags on Instagram in the Caption or Comment Section?
Instagram has confirmed that hashtags are effective in both your post caption and the comments section therefore it's up to you where you'd like to put them.
It is worth considering timeliness even so. When you manually post hashtags in the comments section, it's best to do this as soon as your post is published.
TIP: If you are using Later's Instagram calendaring tools, you can plan a First Comment to go live at the same with your posting.
This is a great way to keep your caption's visual clean, while still benefiting from the extra exposure benefits of a good hashtag strategy.
The Later's First Comment tool lets you set up a comment that goes live at the exact time as your post - available on every paid plan.
What Can Hashtags Do to Increase Likes On Instagram
With the right Instagram hashtag strategy you won't just reach more people -but you'll also reach the right audience for your brand or company.
Learn about people who are likely to interact with your content.
Utilizing 20-30 relevant hashtags can make your posts appear in more search results on the app, increasing the chance of likes and comments.
Take Sweaty Betty, an empowering fitness brand whose consumers are women who are passionate for fitness.
The account employs the search-driven hashtag #GlobalRunningDay, to create followers and also a hashtag that is branded for #iamasweatybetty that promotes an understanding of community as well as togetherness:
The site has more than 2.5K likes (and a pretty chatty comments section! ) These specific hashtags are ideal for building a community of like-minded runner aficionados and encouraging users to take a deep breath!
Be careful and make sure you use hashtags that your public is actively searching to increase your reach and likes number. It's a win-win.
How to Make Time Your Instagram Hashtag Strategies
Finding 20-30 new hashtags for each post you publish is extremely time-consuming - But there are methods to make it more efficient.
One method is to compile lists of 20-30 hashtags that align with your core content themes and then edit and incorporate into each blog post.
With Later's no-cost Instagram scheduler, you are able to create "Saved Captions" that contain your carefully curated lists of hashtags.
You can add them to a post caption (and modify them) in just two taps!
How to Create an Effective Instagram Hashtag Strategy With Analytics
The best method to create an effective hashtag plan?
Starting from a solid base. Once you've found the hashtags you want to use, you should begin testing them and then digging into your analytics.
Analyzing the performance on your social media hashtags are the ideal way to monitor the success of your experiment, and allows you to fine tune your strategy over time.
By using Later's Analytics tools, you can get the most relevant information on your hashtags. This includes an analysis of which hashtags have the most influence on the number of likes and comments, as well as saves and reach on your Instagram posts.
It instantly compares the hashtags you use with the performance of your posts over time, providing you with an overview of what's working and what's notworking for your account.
Hashtags can be a great method to connect with new audiences and expand your reach, but it takes the time and effort required to see huge results.
No matter how many hashtags you use, be it 10 or 30, a consistent hashtag strategy is still one of the most efficient methods for growth on Instagram.
03.01.2025 в 18:30
03.01.2025 в 19:10
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Honda and Nissan are the latest automakers to discuss combining forces. They won’t be the last.
The two Japanese automakers announced last week that they plan to merge and create the world’s third largest automaker. Details aren’t yet finalized, but they expect to announce the combination within six months.
Mergers in the auto industry are nothing new. They have taken place since the acquisition of various brands formed General Motors (GM) in the first decade of the 20th century. But experts say the Honda-Nissan deal could help to spark a string of combinations that could soon reshape the industry
“I think the environment is there for additional mergers,” said Jeff Schuster, global vice president of automotive research for GlobalData. “I don’t think Honda-Nissan will cause more deals to take place, although it could accelerate them.”
The factors driving possible deals, from technological change and the industry’s huge appetite for R&D and capital spending to thin profit margins, are numerous and powerful. The push toward consolidation is only going to get greater in coming decade. And it could be that only the biggest survive.
“It gets more challenging to survive and not have economies of scale if everyone else does, especially as you move into new technology,” he said. “When you’re in a highly competitive market, it tends to create partners that might not have happened otherwise.”
04.01.2025 в 12:14
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04.01.2025 в 22:23
06.01.2025 в 05:38
06.01.2025 в 11:37
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First, the good news. “The vast majority of aircraft accidents are survivable, and the majority of people in accidents survive,” says Galea. Since 1988, aircraft — and the seats inside them — must be built to withstand an impact of up to 16G, or g-force up to 16 times the force of gravity. That means, he says, that in most incidents, “it’s possible to survive the trauma of the impact of the crash.”
For instance, he classes the initial Jeju Air incident as survivable — an assumed bird strike, engine loss and belly landing on the runway, without functioning landing gear. “Had it not smashed into the concrete reinforced obstacle at the end of the runway, it’s quite possible the majority, if not everyone, could have survived,” he says.
The Azerbaijan Airlines crash, on the other hand, he classes as a non-survivable accident, and calls it a “miracle” that anyone made it out alive.
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Most aircraft involved in accidents, however, are not — as suspicion is growing over the Azerbaijan crash — shot out of the sky.
And with modern planes built to withstand impacts and slow the spread of fire, Galea puts the chances of surviving a “survivable” accident at at least 90%.
Instead, he says, what makes the difference between life and death in most modern accidents is how fast passengers can evacuate.
Aircraft today must show that they can be evacuated in 90 seconds in order to gain certification. But a theoretical evacuation — practiced with volunteers at the manufacturers’ premises — is very different from the reality of a panicked public onboard a jet that has just crash-landed.
Galea, an evacuation expert, has conducted research for the UK’s Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) looking at the most “survivable” seats on a plane. His landmark research, conducted over several years in the early 2000s, looked at how passengers and crew behaved during a post-crash evacuation, rather than looking at the crashes themselves. By compiling data from 1,917 passengers and 155 crew involved in 105 accidents from 1977 to 1999, his team created a database of human behavior around plane crashes.
His analysis of which exits passengers actually used “shattered many myths about aircraft evacuation,” he says. “Prior to my study, it was believed that passengers tend to use their boarding exit because it was the most familiar, and that passengers tend to go forward. My analysis of the data demonstrated that none of these myths were supported by the evidence.”
06.01.2025 в 11:41
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At 5 p.m. PT on January 5, 2024, Boeing seemed like a company on the upswing. It didn’t last. Minutes later, a near-tragedy set off a full year of problems.
As Alaska Airlines flight 1282 climbed to 16,000 feet in its departure from Portland, Oregon, a door plug blew out near the rear of the plane, leaving a gaping hole in the fuselage. Phones and clothing were ripped away from passengers and sent hurtling into the night sky. Oxygen masks dropped, and the rush of air twisted seats next to the hole toward the opening.
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Fortunately, those were among the few empty seats on the flight, and the crew got the plane on the ground without any serious injuries. The incident could have been far worse — even a fatal crash.
Not much has gone right for Boeing ever since. The company has had one misstep after another, ranging from embarrassing to horrifying. And many of the problems are poised to extend into 2025 and perhaps beyond.
The problems were capped by another Boeing crash in South Korea that killed 179 people on December 29 in what was in the year’s worst aviation disaster. The cause of the crash of a 15-year old Boeing jet flown by Korean discount carrier Jeju Air is still under investigation, and it is quite possible that Boeing will not be found liable for anything that led to the tragedy.
But unlike the Jeju crash, most of the problems of the last 12 months have clearly been Boeing’s fault.
And 2024 was the sixth straight year of serious problems for the once proud, now embattled company, starting with the 20-month grounding of its best selling plane, the 737 Max, following two fatal crashes in late 2018 and early 2019, which killed 346 people.
Still the outlook for 2024 right before the Alaska Air incident had been somewhat promising. The company had just achieved the best sales month in its history in December 2023, capping its strongest sales year since 2018.
It was believed to be on the verge of getting Federal Aviation Administration approval for two new models, the 737 Max 7 and Max 10, with airline customers eager to take delivery. Approvals and deliveries of its next generation widebody, the 777X, were believed to be close behind. Its production rate had been climbing and there were hopes that it could be on the verge of returning to profitability for the first time since 2018.
06.01.2025 в 11:54
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On a Florida launchpad that has been dormant for almost two decades, a new, roughly 320-foot (98-meter) rocket — developed by Jeff Bezos’ company Blue Origin — is poised for its maiden flight.
The uncrewed launch vehicle, called New Glenn, will mark Blue Origin’s first attempt to send a rocket to orbit, a feat necessary if the company hopes to chip away at SpaceX’s long-held dominance in the industry.
New Glenn is set to lift off from Cape Canaveral Space Force Station as early as next week.
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The rocket, which stands about as tall as a 30-story building, consists of several parts: The first-stage rocket booster gives the initial thrust at liftoff. Atop the booster is an upper rocket stage that includes a cargo bay protected by a nose cone that will house experimental technology for this mission.
And, in an attempt to replicate the success that SpaceX has found reusing rocket boosters over the past decade, Blue Origin will also aim to guide New Glenn’s first-stage rocket booster back to a safe landing on a seafaring platform — named Jacklyn for Bezos’ mother — minutes after takeoff.
Like SpaceX, Blue Origin will seek to recover, refurbish and reuse first-stage rocket boosters to drive down costs.
For this inaugural mission, a smooth flight is not guaranteed.
But the eventual success of New Glenn, named after storied NASA astronaut John Glenn, is instrumental to some of Blue Origin’s most ambitious goals.
The rocket could one day power national security launches, haul Amazon internet satellites to space and even help in the construction of a space station that Blue Origin is developing with commercial partners.
06.01.2025 в 11:55
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Chile’s President Gabriel Boric travelled to Antarctica’s South Pole on Friday, a place where no other Latin American president has set foot, according to the Chilean government.
Boric led the historic two-day trip, named Operation Pole Star III, to extend the environmental monitoring of pollutants on Antarctica, Chile’s government said in a statement.
He travelled with scientists, armed forces commanders and government ministers from the Chilean capital of Santiago to Punta Arenas, a city in southern Chile, public broadcaster Television Nacional de Chile (TVN) reported. From there, they made several stops before finally reaching the US-run Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, according to TVN.
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Chile is one of seven countries that has a territorial claim in Antarctica, alongside Argentina, Australia, France, New Zealand, Norway and the United Kingdom.
It is also a signatory of the Antarctic Treaty, which dictates that the continent may only be used for peaceful and scientific purposes.
While Chile has historically carried out scientific activity in Antarctica’s northern sector, the country’s government is now hoping to expand research into the west of the continent, its statement said.
Boric called his trip to the South Pole an “honor” and a source of pride, TVN reported.
“This is a milestone for us. It is the first time a Chilean and Latin American President has visited the South Pole,” he said, according to TVN.
06.01.2025 в 12:08
Blue Origin formally announced the development of New Glenn — which aims to outpower SpaceX’s Falcon 9 rockets and haul spacecraft up to 45 metric tons (99,200 pounds) to orbit — in 2016.
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The vehicle is long overdue, as the company previously targeted 2020 for its first launch.
Delays, however, are common in the aerospace industry. And the debut flight of a new vehicle is almost always significantly behind schedule.
Rocket companies also typically take a conservative approach to the first liftoff, launching dummy payloads such as hunks of metal or, as was the case with SpaceX’s Falcon Heavy debut in 2018, an old cherry red sports car.
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Blue Origin has also branded itself as a company that aims to take a slow, diligent approach to rocket development that doesn’t “cut any corners,” according to Bezos, who founded Blue Origin and funds the company.
The company’s mascot is a tortoise, paying homage to “The Tortoise and the Hare” fable that made the “slow and steady wins the race” mantra a childhood staple.
“We believe slow is smooth and smooth is fast,” Bezos said in 2016. Those comments could be seen as an attempt to position Blue Origin as the anti-SpaceX, which is known to embrace speed and trial-and-error over slow, meticulous development processes.
But SpaceX has certainly won the race to orbit. The company’s first orbital rocket, the Falcon 1, made a successful launch in September 2008. The company has deployed hundreds of missions to orbit since then.
And while SpaceX routinely destroys rockets during test flights as it begins developing a new rocket, the company has a solid track record for operational missions. SpaceX’s Falcon 9 rocket, for example, has experienced two in-flight failures and one launchpad explosion but no catastrophic events during human missions.
06.01.2025 в 12:12
Blue Origin had planned to launch a pair of Mars-bound satellites on behalf of NASA for the first flight of New Glenn.
But delays with the rocket’s development prompted the space agency to change course, moving that flight to this spring at the earliest. So for this inaugural flight, Blue Origin opted to instead fly a “demonstrator” that will test technology needed for the company’s proposed Blue Ring spacecraft — which will aim to serve as a sort of in-space rideshare vehicle, dragging satellites deeper into space when needed.
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The demonstrator on this New Glenn flight will remain aboard the rocket for the entire six-hour flight, Blue Origin said, and it will validate “communications capabilities from orbit to ground” as well as “test its in-space telemetry, tracking and command hardware, and ground-based radiometric tracking.”
The Blue Ring Pathfinder demonstrator is part of a deal Blue Origin inked with the US Department of Defense’s Defense Innovation Unit.
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Why Blue Origin wants to reuse rockets
Similar to SpaceX, Blue Origin is aiming to recover and refly its first-stage rocket boosters in a bid to make launches less expensive.
“Reusability is integral to radically reducing cost-per-launch,” the company said in a recent news release, using the same oft-repeated sentiment that SpaceX has touted since it began landing rocket boosters in 2015.
Bezos, however, has acknowledged the importance of reusing rocket parts since he founded the company in 2000 — two years before Musk established SpaceX. And the company has already developed its suborbital New Shepard tourism rocket to be reusable.
“It’s not a copy cat game,” Henry said. “Blue Origin has been pursuing reusable vehicles since before reusable vehicles were cool. Now it’s much more of a mainstream idea (because of SpaceX). The difference is that it’s taken Blue Origin so much longer to get to orbit.”
If successful, returning the New Glenn rocket booster for a safe landing will be a stunning feat. After expending most of its fuel to propel the rocket’s upper stage to space, the first-stage booster will need to make a clean separation. The booster must then maneuver with pinpoint guidance and reignite its engines with precision timing to avoid crashing into the ocean or the Jacklyn recovery platform.
06.01.2025 в 12:13
In some ways, New Glenn has already made its mark on the launch industry. Blue Origin has for years pitched the rocket to compete with both SpaceX and United Launch Alliance — a joint venture of Boeing and Lockheed Martin that buys engines from Blue Origin — for lucrative military launch contracts.
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The US Space Force selected Blue Origin, ULA and SpaceX in June to compete for $5.6 billion worth of Pentagon contracts for national security missions slated to launch over the next four years.
Blue Origin also has deals with several commercial companies to launch satellites. The contracts include plans to help deploy Amazon’s Kuiper internet satellites and a recently inked deal with AST SpaceMobile to help launch the Midland, Texas-based company’s space-based cellular broadband network.
New Glenn could also be instrumental in building Blue Origin’s planned space station, called Orbital Reef. Blue Origin and it commercial partners, including Sierra Space and Boeing, among others, hope the station will one day provide a new destination for astronauts as the International Space Station is phased out of service.
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New Glenn vs. other powerful rockets
New Glenn packs significant power. Dubbed a “heavy-lift” vehicle, its capabilities lie between SpaceX’s Falcon 9 rocket and the more powerful Falcon Heavy launch vehicle.
SpaceX’s workhorse Falcon 9, for example, can haul up to 22.8 metric tons (50,265 pounds) to space. While New Glenn is capable of carrying about double that mass, it may also be roughly the same price as a Falcon 9: reportedly around $60 million to $70 million per launch.
“I think in order to compete with Falcon 9, you have to go head-to-head or better on price,” said Caleb Henry, the director of research at Quilty Space, which provides data and analysis about the space sector.
The question, however, is whether Blue Origin will be able to sustain a competitive price point, Henry added.
Still, one feature that makes New Glenn stand out is its large payload fairing, or nose cone. The component protects the cargo bay and is a whopping 23 feet (7 meters) wide — nearly 6 feet (2 meters) larger than that of SpaceX’s Falcon 9 or Falcon Heavy.
Henry said Blue Origin likely opted to outfit New Glenn with such a large fairing in order to help fulfill Bezos’ vision of the future.
06.01.2025 в 12:38
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At 5 p.m. PT on January 5, 2024, Boeing seemed like a company on the upswing. It didn’t last. Minutes later, a near-tragedy set off a full year of problems.
As Alaska Airlines flight 1282 climbed to 16,000 feet in its departure from Portland, Oregon, a door plug blew out near the rear of the plane, leaving a gaping hole in the fuselage. Phones and clothing were ripped away from passengers and sent hurtling into the night sky. Oxygen masks dropped, and the rush of air twisted seats next to the hole toward the opening.
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Fortunately, those were among the few empty seats on the flight, and the crew got the plane on the ground without any serious injuries. The incident could have been far worse — even a fatal crash.
Not much has gone right for Boeing ever since. The company has had one misstep after another, ranging from embarrassing to horrifying. And many of the problems are poised to extend into 2025 and perhaps beyond.
The problems were capped by another Boeing crash in South Korea that killed 179 people on December 29 in what was in the year’s worst aviation disaster. The cause of the crash of a 15-year old Boeing jet flown by Korean discount carrier Jeju Air is still under investigation, and it is quite possible that Boeing will not be found liable for anything that led to the tragedy.
But unlike the Jeju crash, most of the problems of the last 12 months have clearly been Boeing’s fault.
And 2024 was the sixth straight year of serious problems for the once proud, now embattled company, starting with the 20-month grounding of its best selling plane, the 737 Max, following two fatal crashes in late 2018 and early 2019, which killed 346 people.
Still the outlook for 2024 right before the Alaska Air incident had been somewhat promising. The company had just achieved the best sales month in its history in December 2023, capping its strongest sales year since 2018.
It was believed to be on the verge of getting Federal Aviation Administration approval for two new models, the 737 Max 7 and Max 10, with airline customers eager to take delivery. Approvals and deliveries of its next generation widebody, the 777X, were believed to be close behind. Its production rate had been climbing and there were hopes that it could be on the verge of returning to profitability for the first time since 2018.
06.01.2025 в 12:40
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A toothy toadstool. A vegetarian piranha with a distinctive mark. And a pygmy pipehorse floating in the Indian Ocean shallows.
These wild wonders were among the hundreds of previously unknown species of animals, plants and fungi that scientists named and described for the first time in 2024, expanding our surprisingly limited knowledge of Earth’s diversity.
“Scientists estimate that we’ve identified only one-tenth of all species on Earth,” said Dr.
Shannon Bennett, chief of science at the California Academy of Sciences, in a statement.
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“While it is critical to place protections on known threatened species, we must also allocate resources towards identifying unknown species that may be just as important to the functioning of an ecosystem,” Bennett said.
Researchers connected to the institution described 138 new species in 2024, including 32 fish. One standout was a pygmy pipehorse named Cylix nkosi. The seahorse relative was originally found in 2021 in the cool temperate waters surrounding the North Island of New Zealand, but the species described this year was discovered in the subtropical waters off South Africa, expanding the known range of this group to the Indian Ocean
“South African reefs present notoriously difficult diving conditions with rough weather and intense, choppy waves — we knew we only had one dive to find it,” underwater photographer and marine biologist Richard Smith said in a statement.
“This species is also quite cryptic, about the size of a golf tee, but luckily we spotted a female camouflaged against some sponges about a mile offshore on the sandy ocean floor.”
The researchers involved in describing the new species chose nkosi as its name. A reference to the local Zulu word for “chief,” the name reflects the species’ crown-like head shape and acknowledges South Africa’s KwaZulu-Natal province where it was found.
06.01.2025 в 12:40
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Look at the photos of the two fatal air crashes of the last two weeks, and amid the horror and the anguish, one thought might come to mind for frequent flyers.
The old frequent-flyer adage is that sitting at the back of the plane is a safer place to be than at the front — and the wreckage of both Azerbaijan Airlines flight 8243 and Jeju Air flight 2216 seem to bear that out.
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The 29 survivors of the Azeri crash were all sitting at the back of the plane, which split into two, leaving the rear half largely intact. The sole survivors of the South Korean crash, meanwhile, were the two flight attendants in their jumpseats in the very tail of the plane.
So is that old adage — and the dark humor jokes about first and business class seats being good until there’s a problem with the plane — right after all?
In 2015, TIME Magazine reporters wrote that they had combed through the records of all US plane crashes with both fatalities and survivors from 1985 to 2000, and found in a meta-analysis that seats in the back third of the aircraft had a 32% fatality rate overall, compared with 38% in the front third and 39% in the middle third.
Even better, they found, were middle seats in that back third of the cabin, with a 28% fatality rate. The “worst” seats were aisles in the middle third of the aircraft, with a 44% fatality rate.
But does that still hold true in 2024?
According to aviation safety experts, it’s an old wives’ tale.
“There isn’t any data that shows a correlation of seating to survivability,” says Hassan Shahidi, president of the Flight Safety Foundation. “Every accident is different.”
“If we’re talking about a fatal crash, then there is almost no difference where one sits,” says Cheng-Lung Wu, associate professor at the School of Aviation of the University of New South Wales, Sydney.
Ed Galea, professor of fire safety engineering at London’s University of Greenwich, who has conducted landmark studies on plane crash evacuations, warns, “There is no magic safest seat.”
06.01.2025 в 12:40
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First, the good news. “The vast majority of aircraft accidents are survivable, and the majority of people in accidents survive,” says Galea. Since 1988, aircraft — and the seats inside them — must be built to withstand an impact of up to 16G, or g-force up to 16 times the force of gravity. That means, he says, that in most incidents, “it’s possible to survive the trauma of the impact of the crash.”
For instance, he classes the initial Jeju Air incident as survivable — an assumed bird strike, engine loss and belly landing on the runway, without functioning landing gear. “Had it not smashed into the concrete reinforced obstacle at the end of the runway, it’s quite possible the majority, if not everyone, could have survived,” he says.
The Azerbaijan Airlines crash, on the other hand, he classes as a non-survivable accident, and calls it a “miracle” that anyone made it out alive.
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Most aircraft involved in accidents, however, are not — as suspicion is growing over the Azerbaijan crash — shot out of the sky.
And with modern planes built to withstand impacts and slow the spread of fire, Galea puts the chances of surviving a “survivable” accident at at least 90%.
Instead, he says, what makes the difference between life and death in most modern accidents is how fast passengers can evacuate.
Aircraft today must show that they can be evacuated in 90 seconds in order to gain certification. But a theoretical evacuation — practiced with volunteers at the manufacturers’ premises — is very different from the reality of a panicked public onboard a jet that has just crash-landed.
Galea, an evacuation expert, has conducted research for the UK’s Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) looking at the most “survivable” seats on a plane. His landmark research, conducted over several years in the early 2000s, looked at how passengers and crew behaved during a post-crash evacuation, rather than looking at the crashes themselves. By compiling data from 1,917 passengers and 155 crew involved in 105 accidents from 1977 to 1999, his team created a database of human behavior around plane crashes.
His analysis of which exits passengers actually used “shattered many myths about aircraft evacuation,” he says. “Prior to my study, it was believed that passengers tend to use their boarding exit because it was the most familiar, and that passengers tend to go forward. My analysis of the data demonstrated that none of these myths were supported by the evidence.”
06.01.2025 в 12:53
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Chile’s President Gabriel Boric travelled to Antarctica’s South Pole on Friday, a place where no other Latin American president has set foot, according to the Chilean government.
Boric led the historic two-day trip, named Operation Pole Star III, to extend the environmental monitoring of pollutants on Antarctica, Chile’s government said in a statement.
He travelled with scientists, armed forces commanders and government ministers from the Chilean capital of Santiago to Punta Arenas, a city in southern Chile, public broadcaster Television Nacional de Chile (TVN) reported. From there, they made several stops before finally reaching the US-run Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, according to TVN.
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Chile is one of seven countries that has a territorial claim in Antarctica, alongside Argentina, Australia, France, New Zealand, Norway and the United Kingdom.
It is also a signatory of the Antarctic Treaty, which dictates that the continent may only be used for peaceful and scientific purposes.
While Chile has historically carried out scientific activity in Antarctica’s northern sector, the country’s government is now hoping to expand research into the west of the continent, its statement said.
Boric called his trip to the South Pole an “honor” and a source of pride, TVN reported.
“This is a milestone for us. It is the first time a Chilean and Latin American President has visited the South Pole,” he said, according to TVN.
06.01.2025 в 12:54
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On a Florida launchpad that has been dormant for almost two decades, a new, roughly 320-foot (98-meter) rocket — developed by Jeff Bezos’ company Blue Origin — is poised for its maiden flight.
The uncrewed launch vehicle, called New Glenn, will mark Blue Origin’s first attempt to send a rocket to orbit, a feat necessary if the company hopes to chip away at SpaceX’s long-held dominance in the industry.
New Glenn is set to lift off from Cape Canaveral Space Force Station as early as next week.
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The rocket, which stands about as tall as a 30-story building, consists of several parts: The first-stage rocket booster gives the initial thrust at liftoff. Atop the booster is an upper rocket stage that includes a cargo bay protected by a nose cone that will house experimental technology for this mission.
And, in an attempt to replicate the success that SpaceX has found reusing rocket boosters over the past decade, Blue Origin will also aim to guide New Glenn’s first-stage rocket booster back to a safe landing on a seafaring platform — named Jacklyn for Bezos’ mother — minutes after takeoff.
Like SpaceX, Blue Origin will seek to recover, refurbish and reuse first-stage rocket boosters to drive down costs.
For this inaugural mission, a smooth flight is not guaranteed.
But the eventual success of New Glenn, named after storied NASA astronaut John Glenn, is instrumental to some of Blue Origin’s most ambitious goals.
The rocket could one day power national security launches, haul Amazon internet satellites to space and even help in the construction of a space station that Blue Origin is developing with commercial partners.
06.01.2025 в 13:04
Blue Origin formally announced the development of New Glenn — which aims to outpower SpaceX’s Falcon 9 rockets and haul spacecraft up to 45 metric tons (99,200 pounds) to orbit — in 2016.
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The vehicle is long overdue, as the company previously targeted 2020 for its first launch.
Delays, however, are common in the aerospace industry. And the debut flight of a new vehicle is almost always significantly behind schedule.
Rocket companies also typically take a conservative approach to the first liftoff, launching dummy payloads such as hunks of metal or, as was the case with SpaceX’s Falcon Heavy debut in 2018, an old cherry red sports car.
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Blue Origin has also branded itself as a company that aims to take a slow, diligent approach to rocket development that doesn’t “cut any corners,” according to Bezos, who founded Blue Origin and funds the company.
The company’s mascot is a tortoise, paying homage to “The Tortoise and the Hare” fable that made the “slow and steady wins the race” mantra a childhood staple.
“We believe slow is smooth and smooth is fast,” Bezos said in 2016. Those comments could be seen as an attempt to position Blue Origin as the anti-SpaceX, which is known to embrace speed and trial-and-error over slow, meticulous development processes.
But SpaceX has certainly won the race to orbit. The company’s first orbital rocket, the Falcon 1, made a successful launch in September 2008. The company has deployed hundreds of missions to orbit since then.
And while SpaceX routinely destroys rockets during test flights as it begins developing a new rocket, the company has a solid track record for operational missions. SpaceX’s Falcon 9 rocket, for example, has experienced two in-flight failures and one launchpad explosion but no catastrophic events during human missions.
06.01.2025 в 13:19
Blue Origin had planned to launch a pair of Mars-bound satellites on behalf of NASA for the first flight of New Glenn.
But delays with the rocket’s development prompted the space agency to change course, moving that flight to this spring at the earliest. So for this inaugural flight, Blue Origin opted to instead fly a “demonstrator” that will test technology needed for the company’s proposed Blue Ring spacecraft — which will aim to serve as a sort of in-space rideshare vehicle, dragging satellites deeper into space when needed.
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The demonstrator on this New Glenn flight will remain aboard the rocket for the entire six-hour flight, Blue Origin said, and it will validate “communications capabilities from orbit to ground” as well as “test its in-space telemetry, tracking and command hardware, and ground-based radiometric tracking.”
The Blue Ring Pathfinder demonstrator is part of a deal Blue Origin inked with the US Department of Defense’s Defense Innovation Unit.
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Why Blue Origin wants to reuse rockets
Similar to SpaceX, Blue Origin is aiming to recover and refly its first-stage rocket boosters in a bid to make launches less expensive.
“Reusability is integral to radically reducing cost-per-launch,” the company said in a recent news release, using the same oft-repeated sentiment that SpaceX has touted since it began landing rocket boosters in 2015.
Bezos, however, has acknowledged the importance of reusing rocket parts since he founded the company in 2000 — two years before Musk established SpaceX. And the company has already developed its suborbital New Shepard tourism rocket to be reusable.
“It’s not a copy cat game,” Henry said. “Blue Origin has been pursuing reusable vehicles since before reusable vehicles were cool. Now it’s much more of a mainstream idea (because of SpaceX). The difference is that it’s taken Blue Origin so much longer to get to orbit.”
If successful, returning the New Glenn rocket booster for a safe landing will be a stunning feat. After expending most of its fuel to propel the rocket’s upper stage to space, the first-stage booster will need to make a clean separation. The booster must then maneuver with pinpoint guidance and reignite its engines with precision timing to avoid crashing into the ocean or the Jacklyn recovery platform.
06.01.2025 в 13:19
In some ways, New Glenn has already made its mark on the launch industry. Blue Origin has for years pitched the rocket to compete with both SpaceX and United Launch Alliance — a joint venture of Boeing and Lockheed Martin that buys engines from Blue Origin — for lucrative military launch contracts.
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The US Space Force selected Blue Origin, ULA and SpaceX in June to compete for $5.6 billion worth of Pentagon contracts for national security missions slated to launch over the next four years.
Blue Origin also has deals with several commercial companies to launch satellites. The contracts include plans to help deploy Amazon’s Kuiper internet satellites and a recently inked deal with AST SpaceMobile to help launch the Midland, Texas-based company’s space-based cellular broadband network.
New Glenn could also be instrumental in building Blue Origin’s planned space station, called Orbital Reef. Blue Origin and it commercial partners, including Sierra Space and Boeing, among others, hope the station will one day provide a new destination for astronauts as the International Space Station is phased out of service.
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New Glenn vs. other powerful rockets
New Glenn packs significant power. Dubbed a “heavy-lift” vehicle, its capabilities lie between SpaceX’s Falcon 9 rocket and the more powerful Falcon Heavy launch vehicle.
SpaceX’s workhorse Falcon 9, for example, can haul up to 22.8 metric tons (50,265 pounds) to space. While New Glenn is capable of carrying about double that mass, it may also be roughly the same price as a Falcon 9: reportedly around $60 million to $70 million per launch.
“I think in order to compete with Falcon 9, you have to go head-to-head or better on price,” said Caleb Henry, the director of research at Quilty Space, which provides data and analysis about the space sector.
The question, however, is whether Blue Origin will be able to sustain a competitive price point, Henry added.
Still, one feature that makes New Glenn stand out is its large payload fairing, or nose cone. The component protects the cargo bay and is a whopping 23 feet (7 meters) wide — nearly 6 feet (2 meters) larger than that of SpaceX’s Falcon 9 or Falcon Heavy.
Henry said Blue Origin likely opted to outfit New Glenn with such a large fairing in order to help fulfill Bezos’ vision of the future.
06.01.2025 в 13:37
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A toothy toadstool. A vegetarian piranha with a distinctive mark. And a pygmy pipehorse floating in the Indian Ocean shallows.
These wild wonders were among the hundreds of previously unknown species of animals, plants and fungi that scientists named and described for the first time in 2024, expanding our surprisingly limited knowledge of Earth’s diversity.
“Scientists estimate that we’ve identified only one-tenth of all species on Earth,” said Dr.
Shannon Bennett, chief of science at the California Academy of Sciences, in a statement.
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“While it is critical to place protections on known threatened species, we must also allocate resources towards identifying unknown species that may be just as important to the functioning of an ecosystem,” Bennett said.
Researchers connected to the institution described 138 new species in 2024, including 32 fish. One standout was a pygmy pipehorse named Cylix nkosi. The seahorse relative was originally found in 2021 in the cool temperate waters surrounding the North Island of New Zealand, but the species described this year was discovered in the subtropical waters off South Africa, expanding the known range of this group to the Indian Ocean
“South African reefs present notoriously difficult diving conditions with rough weather and intense, choppy waves — we knew we only had one dive to find it,” underwater photographer and marine biologist Richard Smith said in a statement.
“This species is also quite cryptic, about the size of a golf tee, but luckily we spotted a female camouflaged against some sponges about a mile offshore on the sandy ocean floor.”
The researchers involved in describing the new species chose nkosi as its name. A reference to the local Zulu word for “chief,” the name reflects the species’ crown-like head shape and acknowledges South Africa’s KwaZulu-Natal province where it was found.
06.01.2025 в 13:39
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First, the good news. “The vast majority of aircraft accidents are survivable, and the majority of people in accidents survive,” says Galea. Since 1988, aircraft — and the seats inside them — must be built to withstand an impact of up to 16G, or g-force up to 16 times the force of gravity. That means, he says, that in most incidents, “it’s possible to survive the trauma of the impact of the crash.”
For instance, he classes the initial Jeju Air incident as survivable — an assumed bird strike, engine loss and belly landing on the runway, without functioning landing gear. “Had it not smashed into the concrete reinforced obstacle at the end of the runway, it’s quite possible the majority, if not everyone, could have survived,” he says.
The Azerbaijan Airlines crash, on the other hand, he classes as a non-survivable accident, and calls it a “miracle” that anyone made it out alive.
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Most aircraft involved in accidents, however, are not — as suspicion is growing over the Azerbaijan crash — shot out of the sky.
And with modern planes built to withstand impacts and slow the spread of fire, Galea puts the chances of surviving a “survivable” accident at at least 90%.
Instead, he says, what makes the difference between life and death in most modern accidents is how fast passengers can evacuate.
Aircraft today must show that they can be evacuated in 90 seconds in order to gain certification. But a theoretical evacuation — practiced with volunteers at the manufacturers’ premises — is very different from the reality of a panicked public onboard a jet that has just crash-landed.
Galea, an evacuation expert, has conducted research for the UK’s Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) looking at the most “survivable” seats on a plane. His landmark research, conducted over several years in the early 2000s, looked at how passengers and crew behaved during a post-crash evacuation, rather than looking at the crashes themselves. By compiling data from 1,917 passengers and 155 crew involved in 105 accidents from 1977 to 1999, his team created a database of human behavior around plane crashes.
His analysis of which exits passengers actually used “shattered many myths about aircraft evacuation,” he says. “Prior to my study, it was believed that passengers tend to use their boarding exit because it was the most familiar, and that passengers tend to go forward. My analysis of the data demonstrated that none of these myths were supported by the evidence.”
06.01.2025 в 13:40
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Look at the photos of the two fatal air crashes of the last two weeks, and amid the horror and the anguish, one thought might come to mind for frequent flyers.
The old frequent-flyer adage is that sitting at the back of the plane is a safer place to be than at the front — and the wreckage of both Azerbaijan Airlines flight 8243 and Jeju Air flight 2216 seem to bear that out.
kra23c.cc
Площадка кракен
The 29 survivors of the Azeri crash were all sitting at the back of the plane, which split into two, leaving the rear half largely intact. The sole survivors of the South Korean crash, meanwhile, were the two flight attendants in their jumpseats in the very tail of the plane.
So is that old adage — and the dark humor jokes about first and business class seats being good until there’s a problem with the plane — right after all?
In 2015, TIME Magazine reporters wrote that they had combed through the records of all US plane crashes with both fatalities and survivors from 1985 to 2000, and found in a meta-analysis that seats in the back third of the aircraft had a 32% fatality rate overall, compared with 38% in the front third and 39% in the middle third.
Even better, they found, were middle seats in that back third of the cabin, with a 28% fatality rate. The “worst” seats were aisles in the middle third of the aircraft, with a 44% fatality rate.
But does that still hold true in 2024?
According to aviation safety experts, it’s an old wives’ tale.
“There isn’t any data that shows a correlation of seating to survivability,” says Hassan Shahidi, president of the Flight Safety Foundation. “Every accident is different.”
“If we’re talking about a fatal crash, then there is almost no difference where one sits,” says Cheng-Lung Wu, associate professor at the School of Aviation of the University of New South Wales, Sydney.
Ed Galea, professor of fire safety engineering at London’s University of Greenwich, who has conducted landmark studies on plane crash evacuations, warns, “There is no magic safest seat.”
06.01.2025 в 13:45
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At 5 p.m. PT on January 5, 2024, Boeing seemed like a company on the upswing. It didn’t last. Minutes later, a near-tragedy set off a full year of problems.
As Alaska Airlines flight 1282 climbed to 16,000 feet in its departure from Portland, Oregon, a door plug blew out near the rear of the plane, leaving a gaping hole in the fuselage. Phones and clothing were ripped away from passengers and sent hurtling into the night sky. Oxygen masks dropped, and the rush of air twisted seats next to the hole toward the opening.
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Fortunately, those were among the few empty seats on the flight, and the crew got the plane on the ground without any serious injuries. The incident could have been far worse — even a fatal crash.
Not much has gone right for Boeing ever since. The company has had one misstep after another, ranging from embarrassing to horrifying. And many of the problems are poised to extend into 2025 and perhaps beyond.
The problems were capped by another Boeing crash in South Korea that killed 179 people on December 29 in what was in the year’s worst aviation disaster. The cause of the crash of a 15-year old Boeing jet flown by Korean discount carrier Jeju Air is still under investigation, and it is quite possible that Boeing will not be found liable for anything that led to the tragedy.
But unlike the Jeju crash, most of the problems of the last 12 months have clearly been Boeing’s fault.
And 2024 was the sixth straight year of serious problems for the once proud, now embattled company, starting with the 20-month grounding of its best selling plane, the 737 Max, following two fatal crashes in late 2018 and early 2019, which killed 346 people.
Still the outlook for 2024 right before the Alaska Air incident had been somewhat promising. The company had just achieved the best sales month in its history in December 2023, capping its strongest sales year since 2018.
It was believed to be on the verge of getting Federal Aviation Administration approval for two new models, the 737 Max 7 and Max 10, with airline customers eager to take delivery. Approvals and deliveries of its next generation widebody, the 777X, were believed to be close behind. Its production rate had been climbing and there were hopes that it could be on the verge of returning to profitability for the first time since 2018.
06.01.2025 в 13:56
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Chile’s President Gabriel Boric travelled to Antarctica’s South Pole on Friday, a place where no other Latin American president has set foot, according to the Chilean government.
Boric led the historic two-day trip, named Operation Pole Star III, to extend the environmental monitoring of pollutants on Antarctica, Chile’s government said in a statement.
He travelled with scientists, armed forces commanders and government ministers from the Chilean capital of Santiago to Punta Arenas, a city in southern Chile, public broadcaster Television Nacional de Chile (TVN) reported. From there, they made several stops before finally reaching the US-run Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, according to TVN.
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Chile is one of seven countries that has a territorial claim in Antarctica, alongside Argentina, Australia, France, New Zealand, Norway and the United Kingdom.
It is also a signatory of the Antarctic Treaty, which dictates that the continent may only be used for peaceful and scientific purposes.
While Chile has historically carried out scientific activity in Antarctica’s northern sector, the country’s government is now hoping to expand research into the west of the continent, its statement said.
Boric called his trip to the South Pole an “honor” and a source of pride, TVN reported.
“This is a milestone for us. It is the first time a Chilean and Latin American President has visited the South Pole,” he said, according to TVN.
06.01.2025 в 13:57
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On a Florida launchpad that has been dormant for almost two decades, a new, roughly 320-foot (98-meter) rocket — developed by Jeff Bezos’ company Blue Origin — is poised for its maiden flight.
The uncrewed launch vehicle, called New Glenn, will mark Blue Origin’s first attempt to send a rocket to orbit, a feat necessary if the company hopes to chip away at SpaceX’s long-held dominance in the industry.
New Glenn is set to lift off from Cape Canaveral Space Force Station as early as next week.
kra23s.cc
Площадка кракен
The rocket, which stands about as tall as a 30-story building, consists of several parts: The first-stage rocket booster gives the initial thrust at liftoff. Atop the booster is an upper rocket stage that includes a cargo bay protected by a nose cone that will house experimental technology for this mission.
And, in an attempt to replicate the success that SpaceX has found reusing rocket boosters over the past decade, Blue Origin will also aim to guide New Glenn’s first-stage rocket booster back to a safe landing on a seafaring platform — named Jacklyn for Bezos’ mother — minutes after takeoff.
Like SpaceX, Blue Origin will seek to recover, refurbish and reuse first-stage rocket boosters to drive down costs.
For this inaugural mission, a smooth flight is not guaranteed.
But the eventual success of New Glenn, named after storied NASA astronaut John Glenn, is instrumental to some of Blue Origin’s most ambitious goals.
The rocket could one day power national security launches, haul Amazon internet satellites to space and even help in the construction of a space station that Blue Origin is developing with commercial partners.
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Blue Origin formally announced the development of New Glenn — which aims to outpower SpaceX’s Falcon 9 rockets and haul spacecraft up to 45 metric tons (99,200 pounds) to orbit — in 2016.
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The vehicle is long overdue, as the company previously targeted 2020 for its first launch.
Delays, however, are common in the aerospace industry. And the debut flight of a new vehicle is almost always significantly behind schedule.
Rocket companies also typically take a conservative approach to the first liftoff, launching dummy payloads such as hunks of metal or, as was the case with SpaceX’s Falcon Heavy debut in 2018, an old cherry red sports car.
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Blue Origin has also branded itself as a company that aims to take a slow, diligent approach to rocket development that doesn’t “cut any corners,” according to Bezos, who founded Blue Origin and funds the company.
The company’s mascot is a tortoise, paying homage to “The Tortoise and the Hare” fable that made the “slow and steady wins the race” mantra a childhood staple.
“We believe slow is smooth and smooth is fast,” Bezos said in 2016. Those comments could be seen as an attempt to position Blue Origin as the anti-SpaceX, which is known to embrace speed and trial-and-error over slow, meticulous development processes.
But SpaceX has certainly won the race to orbit. The company’s first orbital rocket, the Falcon 1, made a successful launch in September 2008. The company has deployed hundreds of missions to orbit since then.
And while SpaceX routinely destroys rockets during test flights as it begins developing a new rocket, the company has a solid track record for operational missions. SpaceX’s Falcon 9 rocket, for example, has experienced two in-flight failures and one launchpad explosion but no catastrophic events during human missions.
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In some ways, New Glenn has already made its mark on the launch industry. Blue Origin has for years pitched the rocket to compete with both SpaceX and United Launch Alliance — a joint venture of Boeing and Lockheed Martin that buys engines from Blue Origin — for lucrative military launch contracts.
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The US Space Force selected Blue Origin, ULA and SpaceX in June to compete for $5.6 billion worth of Pentagon contracts for national security missions slated to launch over the next four years.
Blue Origin also has deals with several commercial companies to launch satellites. The contracts include plans to help deploy Amazon’s Kuiper internet satellites and a recently inked deal with AST SpaceMobile to help launch the Midland, Texas-based company’s space-based cellular broadband network.
New Glenn could also be instrumental in building Blue Origin’s planned space station, called Orbital Reef. Blue Origin and it commercial partners, including Sierra Space and Boeing, among others, hope the station will one day provide a new destination for astronauts as the International Space Station is phased out of service.
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New Glenn vs. other powerful rockets
New Glenn packs significant power. Dubbed a “heavy-lift” vehicle, its capabilities lie between SpaceX’s Falcon 9 rocket and the more powerful Falcon Heavy launch vehicle.
SpaceX’s workhorse Falcon 9, for example, can haul up to 22.8 metric tons (50,265 pounds) to space. While New Glenn is capable of carrying about double that mass, it may also be roughly the same price as a Falcon 9: reportedly around $60 million to $70 million per launch.
“I think in order to compete with Falcon 9, you have to go head-to-head or better on price,” said Caleb Henry, the director of research at Quilty Space, which provides data and analysis about the space sector.
The question, however, is whether Blue Origin will be able to sustain a competitive price point, Henry added.
Still, one feature that makes New Glenn stand out is its large payload fairing, or nose cone. The component protects the cargo bay and is a whopping 23 feet (7 meters) wide — nearly 6 feet (2 meters) larger than that of SpaceX’s Falcon 9 or Falcon Heavy.
Henry said Blue Origin likely opted to outfit New Glenn with such a large fairing in order to help fulfill Bezos’ vision of the future.
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Blue Origin had planned to launch a pair of Mars-bound satellites on behalf of NASA for the first flight of New Glenn.
But delays with the rocket’s development prompted the space agency to change course, moving that flight to this spring at the earliest. So for this inaugural flight, Blue Origin opted to instead fly a “demonstrator” that will test technology needed for the company’s proposed Blue Ring spacecraft — which will aim to serve as a sort of in-space rideshare vehicle, dragging satellites deeper into space when needed.
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The demonstrator on this New Glenn flight will remain aboard the rocket for the entire six-hour flight, Blue Origin said, and it will validate “communications capabilities from orbit to ground” as well as “test its in-space telemetry, tracking and command hardware, and ground-based radiometric tracking.”
The Blue Ring Pathfinder demonstrator is part of a deal Blue Origin inked with the US Department of Defense’s Defense Innovation Unit.
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Why Blue Origin wants to reuse rockets
Similar to SpaceX, Blue Origin is aiming to recover and refly its first-stage rocket boosters in a bid to make launches less expensive.
“Reusability is integral to radically reducing cost-per-launch,” the company said in a recent news release, using the same oft-repeated sentiment that SpaceX has touted since it began landing rocket boosters in 2015.
Bezos, however, has acknowledged the importance of reusing rocket parts since he founded the company in 2000 — two years before Musk established SpaceX. And the company has already developed its suborbital New Shepard tourism rocket to be reusable.
“It’s not a copy cat game,” Henry said. “Blue Origin has been pursuing reusable vehicles since before reusable vehicles were cool. Now it’s much more of a mainstream idea (because of SpaceX). The difference is that it’s taken Blue Origin so much longer to get to orbit.”
If successful, returning the New Glenn rocket booster for a safe landing will be a stunning feat. After expending most of its fuel to propel the rocket’s upper stage to space, the first-stage booster will need to make a clean separation. The booster must then maneuver with pinpoint guidance and reignite its engines with precision timing to avoid crashing into the ocean or the Jacklyn recovery platform.